publications([{
   "lang": "en",
   "type_publi": "icolcomlec",
   "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1145/3676495",
   "title": "Design and Perception of a Soft Shape Change Beneath a Smartwatch",
   "url": "https://hal.science/hal-04726472",
   "abstract": "We explore the design of a watch that can deliver notifications through shape changes, with a specific focus on changes in curvature at the back of the watch face. We explain our design choices and the challenges we faced while creating such a watch. We conducted an experimental study to determine the absolute detection threshold (ADT) of this novel form of feedback. We compared the ADT of two different watches, both of which have a back face that can change its curvature and make contact with the wearer's wrist to notify them. These two watches exhibit different shapes when inflated with high air pressure. To determine the ADT, we conducted a standard two-down, one-up adaptive staircase procedure. Our findings show that an ADT of 3.86 psi is required to inflate the back surface for detection by participants. Overall, our qualitative findings indicate that participants enjoyed this novel type of feedback and could feel different sensations with each watch.",
   "authors": {
      "1": {
         "first_name": "Zhuzhi",
         "last_name": "Fan"
      },
      "2": {
         "first_name": "Alexis",
         "last_name": "Sanson"
      },
      "3": {
         "first_name": "Thomas",
         "last_name": "Rames"
      },
      "4": {
         "first_name": "Céline",
         "last_name": "Coutrix"
      }
   },
   "year": 2024,
   "uri": "http://iihm.imag.fr/publication/FSR+24a/",
   "pages": "article 250",
   "bibtype": "inproceedings",
   "id": 980,
   "abbr": "FSR+24a",
   "address": "Melbourne, Australia",
   "date": "2024-09-30",
   "type": "Conférences internationales de large diffusion avec comité de lecture sur texte complet",
   "booktitle": "ACM International Conference on Mobile Human-Computer Interaction"
},
{
   "lang": "fr",
   "type_publi": "icolcomlec",
   "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1145/3649792.3649800",
   "title": "Design and Perception of a Soft Shape Change Beneath a Smartwatch",
   "url": "https://hal.science/hal-04451443",
   "abstract": "In this paper, we explore the design of a watch that can deliver notifications through shape changes, with a specific focus on changes in curvature at the back of the watch face. We explain our design choices and the challenges we faced while creating such a watch. We conducted an experimental study to determine the absolute detection threshold (ADT) of this novel form of feedback. We compared the ADT of two different watches, both of which have a back face that can change its curvature and make contact with the wearer's wrist to notify them. These two watches exhibit different shapes when inflated with high air pressure. To determine the ADT, we conducted a standard two-down, one-up adaptive staircase procedure. Our findings show that an ADT of 3.86 psi is required to inflate the back surface for detection by participants. Overall, our qualitative findings indicate that participants enjoyed this novel type of feedback and could feel different sensations with each watch.",
   "authors": {
      "1": {
         "first_name": "Zhuzhi",
         "last_name": "Fan"
      },
      "2": {
         "first_name": "Alexis",
         "last_name": "Sanson"
      },
      "3": {
         "first_name": "Thomas",
         "last_name": "Rames"
      },
      "4": {
         "first_name": "Céline",
         "last_name": "Coutrix"
      }
   },
   "year": 2024,
   "uri": "http://iihm.imag.fr/publication/FSR+24b/",
   "id": 988,
   "bibtype": "inproceedings",
   "abbr": "FSR+24b",
   "address": "Paris, France",
   "date": "2024-03-25",
   "type": "Conférences internationales de large diffusion avec comité de lecture sur texte complet",
   "booktitle": "35e conférence Francophone sur l'Interaction Humain-Machine"
},
{
   "lang": "en",
   "type_publi": "these",
   "title": "Interaction through programmable soft materials",
   "url": "https://theses.hal.science/tel-04726630",
   "abstract": "Shape-changing user interfaces (SCIs) are gaining attention in human-computer interaction (HCI) for their adaptability to data, tasks, environments, and users. SCIs can also change their shapes for various purposes, including information communication, user augmentation, object simulation, and hedonic or symbolic purposes. The advent of programmable soft materials has given HCI researchers the tools to design highly flexible SCIs. Soft materials like silicone particularly attract HCI researchers’ interest due to their compatibility with the human body for wearable applications and their significant shape-morphing capabilities. However, there needs to be more understanding of how users perceive the shapes of SCIs made from soft materials and the impact of these materials' softness on users' shape perception abilities. Additionally, the possibilities and challenges of constructing SCIs in soft materials remain largely unexplored.This Ph.D. thesis addresses three main research questions: (1) How do users perceive SCIs made from soft materials? (2) What types of SCIs can be developed using soft materials, and what are the associated challenges? (3) What are the potential applications for SCIs made from soft materials? To answer these questions, a psychophysical experiment is conducted to investigate users’ shape perception abilities with surfaces of different softness. Next, the potential and challenges of creating SCIs with programmable soft materials are explored, and a new technology that enables the construction of soft SCIs with adjustable strength is also developed. Finally, an HCI application featuring novel SCIs made from programmable soft materials is presented, demonstrating how surfaces on the back of a smartwatch can change the shapes for notification applications.",
   "year": 2024,
   "uri": "http://iihm.imag.fr/publication/F24b/",
   "bibtype": "phdthesis",
   "abbr": "F24b",
   "authors": {
      "1": {
         "first_name": "Zhuzhi",
         "last_name": "Fan"
      }
   },
   "date": "2024-05-07",
   "type": "Thèses et habilitations",
   "id": 985
},
{
   "lang": "en",
   "type_publi": "icolcomlec",
   "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1145/3544548.3581179",
   "title": "Impact of softness on users' perception of curvature for future soft curvature-changing UIs",
   "url": "https://hal.science/hal-04045261",
   "abstract": "Soft (compliant) curvature-changing UIs provide haptic feedback through changes in softness and curvature. Different softness can impact the deformation of UIs when worn and touched, and thus impact the users' perception of the curvature. To investigate how softness impacts users’ perception of curvature, we measured participants’ curvature perception accuracy and precision in different softness conditions. We found that participants perceived the curviest surfaces with similar precision in all different softness conditions. Participants lost half the precision of the rigid material when touching the flattest surfaces with the softest material. Participants perceived all curvatures with similar accuracy in all softness conditions. The results of our experiment lay the foundation for soft curvature perception and provide guidelines for the future design of curvature- and softness-changing UIs.",
   "authors": {
      "1": {
         "first_name": "Zhuzhi",
         "last_name": "Fan"
      },
      "2": {
         "first_name": "Céline",
         "last_name": "Coutrix"
      }
   },
   "year": 2023,
   "uri": "http://iihm.imag.fr/publication/FC23a/",
   "pages": "747:1-19",
   "bibtype": "inproceedings",
   "id": 949,
   "abbr": "FC23a",
   "address": "Hamburg, Germany",
   "date": "2023-04-22",
   "type": "Conférences internationales de large diffusion avec comité de lecture sur texte complet",
   "booktitle": "2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’23)"
},
{
   "lang": "en",
   "volume": 4,
   "doi": "https://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3427316",
   "bibtype": "article",
   "title": "Impact of Hand Used on One-Handed Back-of-Device Performance",
   "url": "https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02995376",
   "abstract": "One-handed Back-of-Device (BoD) interaction proved to be desired and sometimes unavoidable with a mobile touchscreen device, for both preferred and non-preferred hands. Although users' two hands are asymmetric, the impact of this asymmetry on the performance of mobile interaction has been little studied so far. Research on one-handed BoD interaction mostly focused on the preferred hand, even though users cannot avoid in real life to handle their phone with their non-preferred hand. To better design one-handed BoD interaction tailored for each hand, the identification and measure of the impact of their asymmetry are critical. In this paper, we study the impact on the performance of the asymmetry between the preferred and the non-preferred hands when interacting with one hand in the back of a mobile touch surface. Empirical data indicates that users' preferred hand performs better than the non-preferred hand in target acquisition tasks, for both time (+10%) and accuracy (+20%). In contrast, for steering tasks, we found little difference in performance between users' preferred and non-preferred hands. These results are useful for the HCI community to design mobile interaction techniques tailored for each hand only when it is necessary. We present implications for research and design directly based on the findings of the study, in particular, to reduce the impact of the asymmetry between hands and improve the performance of both hands for target acquisition.",
   "publisher": "ACM",
   "year": 2020,
   "uri": "http://iihm.imag.fr/publication/FC20a/",
   "pages": "19",
   "note": "Proc. ACM ISS 2020",
   "authors": {
      "1": {
         "first_name": "Zhuzhi",
         "last_name": "Fan"
      },
      "2": {
         "first_name": "Céline",
         "last_name": "Coutrix"
      }
   },
   "id": 901,
   "abbr": "FC20a",
   "address": "Lisbon, Portugal",
   "date": "2020-11-04",
   "type": "Revues internationales avec comité de lecture",
   "journal": "Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction",
   "type_publi": "irevcomlec"
}]);